Ị maara ihe na-akpata mpụ mmiri ugbu a na ikpo chaja ụgbọ ala eletrik?

Ịchaji ụgbọ ala eletrikA na-ekewa ikpo ntanye ugbu a ụzọ anọ, ya bụ: semiconductor components leakage current, ike ntapu ugbu a, capacitor leakage current na filter leakage current.

1. Leakage ugbu a nke semiconductor components

Obere mmiri dị ntakịrị nke na-asọfe na nkwụsị PN mgbe ebipụrụ ya.DS na-aga n'ihu n'ihu, GS na-agbanwe agbanwe, na mgbe e meghere ọwa conductive, nke ugbu a ga-esi na D gaa na S. Ma n'eziokwu, n'ihi ịdị adị nke free electrons, free electrons na-ejikọta na SIO2 na N+, na-akpata nkwụsị. nke ugbu a DS.

2. Ike ntapu ugbu a

Iji belata nnyonye anya na ọkụ ọkụ na-agbanwe, dịka ọkọlọtọ mba si dị, a ga-enyerịrị sekit nzacha EMI.N'ihi mmekọrịta nke sekit EMI, enwere obere mmiri na ala mgbe ejikọrọ ọkụ ọkụ na-agbanye na isi, nke bụ nkwụsị nke ugbu a.Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n'ala, shea nke kọmpụta ga-enwe voltaji nke 110 volts n'ala, ọ ga-adakwa mbà mgbe i jiri aka gị metụ ya aka, ọ ga-emetụtakwa ọrụ nke kọmputa ahụ.

3. Capacitor leakage ugbu a

The capacitor ọkara enweghị ike ịbụ ndị na-adịghị eduzi;mgbe a na-etinye voltaji DC na capacitor, capacitor ga-enwe ike ịgbapụta ugbu a.Ọ bụrụ na mmiri nke ugbu a buru ibu, ọkụ ga-emebi capacitor.Na mgbakwunye na electrolytic capacitors, ntapu nke ugbu a nke ndị ọzọ capacitors dị nnọọ obere, ya mere a na-eji ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi mkpuchi na-anọchi anya arụmọrụ mkpuchi ha, ebe electrolytic capacitors nwere nnukwu ntanye mmiri ugbu a, ya mere a na-eji nkwụsị nke ugbu a na-anọchi anya ọrụ mkpuchi ha (nha nhata). ka ikike).Mgbe a na-etinye voltaji arụ ọrụ DC na-arụ ọrụ na capacitor, a ga-ahụ na mgbanwe nke chaja ugbu a na-amalite ibu ibu, ọ na-ebelata ka oge na-aga.Mgbe ọ ruru ụfọdụ uru ikpeazụ, ọ na-erute ọnọdụ kwụsiri ike.Ọnụ ahịa ikpeazụ a ka a na-akpọ leakage current.i=kcu(ua);ebe k bụ ntapu nke ugbu a mgbe niile, unit ahụ bụ μa(v:μf)

4. Filter leakage current

Akọwapụtara nhịahụ nke ugbu a nke nzacha ike dị ka: nke dị ugbu a site na ụlọ nzacha ruo na njedebe ọ bụla nke ahịrị AC na-abata n'okpuru voltaji AC.Ọ bụrụ na niile ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke nzacha na-kpamkpam ikpuchi site na ụlọ, uru nke ntapu ugbu a tumadi na-adabere na ntapu ugbu a nke nkịtị mode capacitor CY, ya bụ, ọ bụ tumadi dabere na ikike nke CY.N'ihi nha nke nzacha ugbu a nke nzacha, nke gụnyere nchekwa nke onwe, mba niile dị n'ụwa nwere ụkpụrụ siri ike maka ya.Maka ọkọnọ ike 220V/50Hz AC, a na-achọkarị nzacha nke nzacha mkpọtụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-erughị 1mA.